These devices, typically found in tourist destinations, museums, and amusement parks, take ordinary pennies and, through a rolling mechanism under high pressure, stretch and imprint them with a new design. The resulting souvenir is a flattened, elongated penny bearing an image relevant to the location or attraction.
Such pressed souvenirs offer a tangible connection to a specific place or experience, serving as inexpensive mementos and collectibles. The tradition taps into a historical practice of altering coins for commemorative purposes, offering a modern iteration that is both accessible and engaging. For the venues that host them, these machines can generate a small revenue stream while simultaneously promoting their brand or exhibit.
This article will further explore the mechanics of these machines, the diverse imagery they produce, their enduring appeal to collectors, and their impact on both popular culture and the numismatic landscape.
1. Rolling Mechanism
The rolling mechanism is the core component of an elongated penny press machine, responsible for the distinctive transformation of an ordinary penny into an elongated souvenir. This mechanism facilitates the controlled application of pressure required to deform the coin and imprint the design. Understanding its function is crucial to comprehending the operation and appeal of these machines.
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Pressure Application
The rollers exert significant pressure on the penny as it passes through the mechanism. This pressure, precisely calibrated, causes the metal to flow and elongate, creating the characteristic flattened, oval shape. The amount of pressure is critical; too little and the penny will not deform sufficiently, too much and it could be damaged or rendered unusable.
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Die Integration
The rolling mechanism works in conjunction with the engraved die, which bears the image to be imprinted on the penny. The rollers press the penny against the die with enough force to transfer the design onto the softened metal. The precise alignment and synchronization of the rollers and the die are essential for a clear and well-defined impression.
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Motorization and Control
Modern elongated penny press machines utilize electric motors to drive the rolling mechanism. These motors provide consistent and controlled rotation, ensuring uniform pressure and preventing jamming. Older, manually operated machines relied on hand cranks, requiring greater physical effort and offering less precision.
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Material Considerations
The rollers are typically constructed from hardened steel to withstand the high pressures and repetitive use. Their surface must be smooth and precisely machined to ensure even pressure distribution and prevent damage to the pennies. The hardness and durability of the rollers directly impact the machine’s longevity and the quality of the elongated pennies produced.
The interplay of these facets within the rolling mechanism dictates the final form and quality of the elongated penny. The precision engineering involved ensures the consistent production of these miniature works of art, preserving memories and marking experiences for collectors and casual users alike. The mechanism itself embodies the fascinating intersection of mechanical force, artistic expression, and numismatic tradition.
2. Die engraving
Die engraving is fundamental to the elongated penny press machine, imbuing each pressed penny with its unique design. The die, a hardened steel piece, features a meticulously carved negative image. This intricate process determines the final appearance of the elongated penny, transforming a standard coin into a personalized souvenir. Examining the facets of die engraving reveals its critical role in the creation of these collectible keepsakes.
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Design Creation
The design process begins with a concept, often related to the location or theme of the machine’s placement. This concept is then translated into a workable design, taking into account the limited space available on the elongated penny and the constraints of the engraving process. Skilled artists and engravers collaborate to ensure the design is both visually appealing and technically feasible for reproduction on the die.
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Engraving Techniques
Traditional hand engraving techniques, while still practiced, are often supplemented by modern computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) processes. CAM allows for greater precision and repeatability, especially for complex designs. Regardless of the method employed, the engraver’s skill is paramount in creating a die that will produce clear, detailed impressions on the pennies.
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Material Selection
Die material is crucial for longevity and the quality of the impressions. Hardened steel is chosen for its durability and resistance to wear. The steel’s hardness allows the die to withstand thousands of pressing cycles without significant degradation, maintaining the integrity of the design and ensuring consistent results over time.
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Impact on the Final Product
The quality of the die engraving directly impacts the aesthetic and collectible value of the elongated penny. A well-engraved die will yield crisp, detailed images, enhancing the penny’s appeal as a souvenir. The depth and precision of the engraving influence how the design captures and reflects light, adding to its visual interest. Conversely, a poorly engraved die will result in blurry or incomplete images, diminishing the overall quality and desirability of the elongated penny.
The die, through its engraved design, transforms the mundane into a memento. It serves as the artistic heart of the elongated penny press machine, leaving an indelible mark on each coin and connecting the pressed souvenir to a specific place, event, or memory. The interplay of design, engraving technique, and material selection culminates in the creation of these small, yet significant, keepsakes.
3. Penny deformation
Penny deformation is the central process in the creation of elongated pennies. The controlled alteration of the penny’s shape, through the application of pressure, transforms a common coin into a collectible souvenir. Understanding this deformation process is key to appreciating the functionality and appeal of elongated penny press machines.
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Metal Ductility
Copper, the primary component of pennies, exhibits high ductility, meaning it can be deformed significantly without fracturing. This property allows the penny to elongate and flatten under pressure from the rolling mechanism without breaking or cracking. The ductility of the metal is essential for the successful creation of an elongated penny.
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Pressure and Shape Change
The precisely calibrated pressure exerted by the machine’s rollers causes the penny’s metal to flow. This controlled flow leads to the characteristic elongation and flattening, transforming the circular coin into an oval shape. The amount of pressure applied directly affects the degree of deformation, resulting in varying lengths and thicknesses of the final product.
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Design Imprinting
As the penny deforms under pressure, it is simultaneously pressed against the engraved die. This simultaneous action imprints the die’s design onto the softened metal. The pressure ensures the design is deeply embedded into the penny’s surface, creating a permanent and detailed image.
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Impact on Collectibility
The deformation process, while seemingly simple, plays a crucial role in the elongated penny’s collectibility. The resulting shape, combined with the imprinted design, transforms a common coin into a unique and personalized keepsake. The degree of deformation, the clarity of the imprinted design, and the overall condition of the elongated penny all contribute to its value and appeal to collectors.
The deformation of the penny is not merely a mechanical process; it’s the transformative act that imbues the coin with new meaning and value. This controlled alteration, facilitated by the elongated penny press machine, bridges the gap between ordinary currency and cherished souvenir, capturing a moment, place, or experience in a tangible and personalized form.
4. Souvenir Creation
Elongated penny press machines exist solely for souvenir creation. They transform ordinary pennies into personalized mementos, inextricably linking the elongated coin to a specific location, event, or experience. This transformation elevates the penny from mere currency to a tangible keepsake, imbued with personal significance. Consider a family vacation to a national park; an elongated penny imprinted with the park’s logo becomes a lasting reminder of that shared experience, a physical embodiment of a cherished memory.
The souvenir creation process encompasses several key aspects. The selection of a specific design, often reflecting local landmarks or cultural icons, connects the souvenir to its place of origin. The physical act of inserting the penny and operating the machine adds a participatory element, enhancing the personal connection. Finally, the resulting elongated penny, bearing a unique design and often marked with the date, becomes a personalized record of the visit, a tangible piece of a larger narrative. These small, inexpensive souvenirs hold significant sentimental value, representing a specific moment in time and space.
The enduring popularity of elongated penny press machines underscores the inherent human desire to collect and preserve memories. These machines offer a readily accessible and affordable means of capturing experiences. The elongated penny, though small and simple, serves as a powerful symbol of a place visited, an event witnessed, or a journey undertaken. Their continued presence at tourist destinations, museums, and amusement parks testifies to their ongoing relevance in an increasingly digital world, offering a tangible connection to the past and present.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding elongated penny press machines, providing concise and informative responses.
Question 1: Are elongated pennies legal tender?
No. The deformation process renders elongated pennies unsuitable for circulation as currency. They are considered souvenirs or collectibles.
Question 2: How much does it typically cost to use an elongated penny press machine?
The cost typically ranges from 50 cents to one dollar, plus the penny itself. Some machines may accept alternative coins or offer different pricing for special designs.
Question 3: What type of penny should be used in these machines?
Pre-1982 pennies, composed primarily of copper, are generally preferred due to their softer composition and better malleability. Post-1982 pennies, made primarily of zinc, can be used, but the resulting elongated penny may not be as well-defined.
Question 4: How are the designs on elongated pennies created?
Designs are meticulously engraved onto hardened steel dies. These dies are then integrated into the rolling mechanism of the machine, imprinting the design onto the penny under pressure.
Question 5: Are elongated pennies considered numismatically valuable?
While elongated pennies are not generally considered numismatically valuable in the traditional sense, some rare or unique designs can command higher prices among collectors.
Question 6: Where can elongated penny press machines be found?
These machines are commonly located in tourist destinations, museums, amusement parks, zoos, and other attractions. Online resources and collector communities often maintain lists of machine locations.
Understanding the mechanics, history, and collectible nature of elongated pennies enhances appreciation for these unique souvenirs. They represent a blend of numismatic tradition, mechanical ingenuity, and personal commemoration.
This concludes the FAQ section. The following section will delve into the history and evolution of elongated penny press machines.
Tips for Collecting and Preserving Elongated Pennies
This section offers guidance for those interested in collecting and preserving elongated pennies, ensuring these souvenirs remain lasting keepsakes.
Tip 1: Selecting the Right Penny: Pre-1982 pennies, primarily composed of copper, offer superior malleability for the elongation process, resulting in cleaner, more detailed impressions. While post-1982 zinc pennies are usable, the results may be less defined.
Tip 2: Inspecting the Machine: Before inserting a penny, examine the machine’s condition. Ensure the viewing window is clean for clear visibility and that the design displayed aligns with the desired souvenir. Check for any signs of damage or malfunction.
Tip 3: Proper Insertion: Insert the penny correctly into the designated slot, ensuring proper orientation for the design. Follow the machine’s instructions carefully to avoid jamming or misalignment.
Tip 4: Handling with Care: Freshly pressed pennies can be warm and slightly pliable. Handle them gently to avoid bending or distorting the elongated shape and imprinted design. Allow them to cool completely before storing.
Tip 5: Storage Considerations: Store elongated pennies in a cool, dry environment to prevent oxidation or corrosion. Consider protective sleeves, albums, or display cases to safeguard against scratches and environmental damage.
Tip 6: Researching Designs: Explore online resources and collector communities to identify specific designs, learn about their rarity, and connect with other enthusiasts. This research can enrich the collecting experience and add depth to the appreciation of these unique souvenirs.
Tip 7: Cleaning and Preservation: Avoid abrasive cleaners or harsh chemicals that could damage the penny’s surface. Gentle cleaning with a soft cloth is usually sufficient. Consider archival-quality storage materials to prevent long-term deterioration.
By following these tips, collectors can ensure the longevity and quality of their elongated pennies, preserving these tangible memories for years to come. Proper selection, handling, and storage contribute significantly to maintaining the condition and value of these unique collectibles.
This collection of tips concludes the practical guidance section. The following section will offer concluding thoughts on the significance and enduring appeal of elongated penny press machines.
Elongated Penny Press Machines
Elongated penny press machines represent a fascinating intersection of mechanical ingenuity, numismatic tradition, and the human desire to commemorate experiences. This exploration has delved into the mechanics of these machines, from the pressure exerted by the rolling mechanism to the precision of die engraving, highlighting the transformative process that turns an ordinary penny into a personalized keepsake. The deformation of the penny, its elongation and flattening, is central to this transformation, imprinting a lasting image that connects the souvenir to a specific time and place. The resulting elongated penny, though small and inexpensive, holds significant value as a tangible reminder of a moment, an event, or a journey. Understanding the mechanics and significance of these machines enriches the experience of collecting and preserving these unique mementos.
Elongated penny press machines continue to thrive in a world increasingly dominated by digital experiences. Their enduring presence underscores the persistent appeal of tangible souvenirs. These machines offer a simple yet powerful way to capture memories, transforming ordinary currency into personalized keepsakes that connect individuals to the places they visit and the experiences they cherish. The ongoing evolution of designs and the continued engagement of collectors suggest that elongated penny press machines will maintain their unique place in popular culture, offering a tangible link to the past and present for generations to come.
