Equipment designed for cardiovascular conditioning specifically targets the muscles of the arms, shoulders, and back. Examples include arm ergometers, upper body cycles, and some rowing machines configured for continuous arm-only motion. These devices provide resistance through various mechanisms, such as air, magnetic, or hydraulic systems, enabling users to elevate their heart rate and enhance respiratory function while focusing on the upper body.
Dedicated conditioning of the upper body musculature carries numerous advantages. It improves strength and endurance in the arms and shoulders, crucial for daily activities and specific sports like swimming, rowing, and climbing. This type of training can also be beneficial for rehabilitation following injury or surgery, aiding in restoring mobility and function. Historically, devices for upper body cardiovascular exercise were primarily used in therapeutic settings. However, their application has expanded to include general fitness and athletic training, recognizing the value of focused upper body conditioning.